INVESTASI ASING LANGSUNG DI INDONESIA DAN FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHINYA
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https://doi.org/10.9744/jak.4.1.pp.%2017-35Keywords:
FDI, economic variable, political stability, Granger Causality Test, ECMAbstract
There have been many studies on the determinants of foreign direct investment or FDI. Howerer, they are different both in the methodologies and the results. Although the influence of many factors that are assumed to be fixed (ceteris paribus) are very strong-such as macroeconomic variables GDP, economic growth and inflation, they left various conclusions and debates. FDI can be one of the important sources of capital in developing countries, and contribute, the national development by transfer of asset, management, and technology to stimulate the economy of the country. The research model uses some domestic characteristics, that will be combined in a short and long run period by using OLS. The Error Correction Model (ECM) and Granger Causality Test, are applied to the determine the factors that influence the foreign direct investment (FDI) in Indonesia within 1978 -2001. The result shows that economic variables such as GDP, growth, wage and export have positive effect to FDI. While non-economic variables such as Political Stability (SP) shows a negative effect. This conclusion is in a harmony with the empirical study done by Schneider and Frey (1986) that politicaal stability has a negative relations ship with FDI. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Saat ini sudah terdapat banyak studi tentang faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi investasi asing langsung (foreign direct investment atau FDI). Namun demikian metodologi yang digunakan dan hasil studi masih sangat bervariasi. Meskipun faktor-faktor yang dianggap tetap (ceteris paribus) pengaruhnya sangat kuat, seperti variabel makro ekonomi yaitu pendapatan nasional, pertumbuhan ekonomi dan inflasi, tetapi masih juga terdapat kesimpulan yang berbeda dan menimbulkan berbagai perdebatan. FDI menjadi salah satu sumber pembiayaan (modal) yang penting bagi negara berkembang, dan mampu memberikan kontribusi yang cukup besar bagi pembangunan melalui transfer asset dan manajemen, serta transfer teknologi guna mendorong perekonomian negara. Model analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan karakteristik dalam negeri suatu negara, yang akan dikombinasikan dalam periode jangka pendek dan jangka panjang dengan menggunakan perhitungan kuadrat terkecil sederhana (ordinary least square = OLS). Dengan mengaplikasikan model koreksi kesalahan (error correction model=ECM) dan Uji Kausalitas Granger, akan diketahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi investasi asing langsung (FDI) di Indonesia selama periode 1978 - 2001. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa variabel ekonomi (GDP, Growth, Wage, dan Ekspor) mempunyai hubungan positif dengan FDI, sedangkan variabel non ekonomi yaitu stabilitas politik (SP) mempunyai hubungan negatif. Hal ini sejalan dengan hasil temuan empiris Schneider and Frey (1986) bahwa kestabilan politik mempunyai hubungan negatif dengan FDI. Kata kunci: FDI, variabel ekonomi, stabilitas politik, Kausalitas Granger, ECMDownloads
Published
2004-06-14
How to Cite
Sarwedi, S. (2004). INVESTASI ASING LANGSUNG DI INDONESIA DAN FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHINYA. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 4(1), pp. 17-35. https://doi.org/10.9744/jak.4.1.pp. 17-35
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