INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL: PERLAKUAN, PENGUKURAN DAN PELAPORAN (SEBUAH LIBRARY RESEARCH)

Abstract

The changing paradigm from labor based business to knowledge based business has made an inclusion of human resources into an income statement. Among intangible assets, human resources, which is called intellectual capital (IC), becomes the core asset in a company. IC consists three basic elements, they are human capital, structural capital and customer capital. In fact, these are the real power of the company in producing, developing, and bringing the company to the future. Accordingly proponents agree to disclose these on the income statement. Unfortunately, accounting practice has not accounted for them. Whilst, IC describes the creation values, accounting practice does not have tools to identity, measures and disclose them on the annual reports. Therefore this research attempts to provide ideas and open nuance for accountants. This research employ a thick library research, an alternative research methodology that suitable to answer the research question. This research is conducted in depth discourse producing some methods for measuring and reporting IC that are practiced recently. The study concludes that methods of measurement IC have been classified into a financial and non-financial measurement. For the reporting purposes, it is needed a supplement to the income statement consisting an intellectual capital statement.