ANALISIS TERHADAP PERLUNYA PENYESUAIAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN HISTORIS (CONVENTIONAL ACCOUNTING) MENJADI BERDASARKAN TINGKAT HARGA UMUM (GENERAL PRICE LEVEL ACCOUNTING)
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https://doi.org/10.9744/jak.4.2.pp.%20141-155Keywords:
historical accounting, general price level accounting, purchasing power (inflation), financial statement, financial ratio.Abstract
Generally, in conventional accounting, financial statements are based on the historical cost principle that assumes that prices (monetery unit) are stable. Conventional accounting recognizes neither changes in the general price level nor changes in the specific price level. Consequently, if there are any changes in purchasing power such as in inflation period, the historical financial statement are not economically relevant and also income is usually overstated, and the fixed assets are usually understated. Actually, there are several methods on accounting for the effect of changing prices, such as constant accounting, current value accounting, and general price level accounting. General price level accounting will do restatement the components of financial statement to be a rupiah on a similar level of purchasing power, but without changes in accounting principles which using on conventional accounting. In practice, the controversy concerning the relevance of general price level accounting has been continuing. Pros and cons general price level accounting will be presented on this paper. Also the result of two researches concerning the influence of applied general price level accounting on the financial statement will be compared as considerations whether the general price level adjustment is necessary needed. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Secara umum, dalam akuntansi konvensional, laporan keuangan disajikan berdasarkan nilai historis yang mengasumsikan bahwa harga-harga (unit moneter) adalah stabil. Akuntansi konvensional tidak mengakui adanya perubahan tingkat harga umum maupun perubahan tingkat harga khusus. Sebagai konsekuensinya, jika terjadi perubahan daya beli seperti pada periode inflasi, maka laporan keuangan historis secara ekonomis tidaklah relevan. Pada periode ini pendapatan umumnya dinilai lebih tinggi sedangkan aktiva tetap dinilai lebih rendah. Sebenarnya, terdapat beberapa metode akuntansi mengenai pengaruh perubahan harga, antara lain akuntansi harga tetap, akuntansi nilai sekarang, dan akuntansi tingkat harga umum. Akuntansi tingkat harga umum akan mengadakan restatement komponen-komponen laporan keuangan ke dalam rupiah pada tingkat daya beli yang sama, namun sama sekali tidak mengubah prinsip-prinsip akuntansi yang digunakan dalam akuntansi berdasarkan nilai historis. Pada prakteknya, kontroversi yang menyangkut relevansi penggunaan akuntansi tingkat harga umum masih berlanjut hingga saat ini. Beberapa argumentasi yang mendukung maupun menolak penerapan akuntansi tingkat harga umum akan disajikan dalam artikel ini. Demikian juga hasil dari dua penelitian mengenai pengaruh penerapan akuntansi tingkat harga umum terhadap laporan keuangan akan diperbandingkan guna melihat apakah penyesuaian berdasarkan akuntansi tingkat harga umum memang diperlukan. Kata kunci:akuntansi historis, akuntansi tingkat harga umum, daya beli (inflasi), laporan keuangan, rasio keuangan.Downloads
Published
2004-06-15
How to Cite
Leng, P. (2004). ANALISIS TERHADAP PERLUNYA PENYESUAIAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN HISTORIS (CONVENTIONAL ACCOUNTING) MENJADI BERDASARKAN TINGKAT HARGA UMUM (GENERAL PRICE LEVEL ACCOUNTING). Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 4(2), pp. 141-155. https://doi.org/10.9744/jak.4.2.pp. 141-155
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